Sinus Surgery, Septoplasty, and Turbinate Reduction: A Patient’s Journey

Understanding the Nasal Structures

Sinuses: Air-filled spaces in the skull that produce mucus to keep the nasal passages moist and trap dust and germs.

Septum: The wall of cartilage and bone that separates the two nostrils.

Turbinates: Small structures inside the nose that warm, humidify, and filter the air you breathe.

Why is surgery needed?

These procedures are often performed together to address conditions such as:

• Chronic Sinus Infections that do not improve with medication.
• Deviated Septum which causes breathing difficulties or nasal blockages.
• Enlarged Turbinates: leading to nasal congestion and restricted airflow.
• Other Conditions, such as nasal polyps, allergies, or snoring.

Common Symptoms of these Conditions

• Difficulty breathing through the nose
• Recurrent sinus infections
• Nasal congestion or blockage
• Facial pain or pressure
• Snoring or sleep disturbances.

Why has surgery been recommended?

Your doctor may recommend surgery if:

• Medications (such as antibiotics, nasal sprays, or antihistamines) have not been effective.
• Breathing difficulties or nasal obstruction affect your daily life.
• Chronic or recurrent sinus infections occur.
• Structural issues, such as a deviated septum or nasal polyps, require correction.

Before the surgery: Important Instructions

• Fasting: No food for 8 hours before surgery and no water for 2 hours before surgery.
• Medications: Inform your doctor about any blood thinners, aspirin, or anti-inflammatory drugs. You may need to stop them one week before surgery.
• Smoking and Alcohol: Avoid both, as they can delay healing.
• Clothing: Wear loose, comfortable attire on the day of surgery.

What happens during surgery?

• Sinus Surgery: Removal of blockages, polyps, or diseased tissue using endoscopic techniques.
• Septoplasty: Straightening of a crooked septum to improve airflow.
• Turbinate Reduction: Reducing the size of enlarged turbinates to open nasal passages.
• Procedure Duration: Typically 1 to 3 hours under general anesthesia.

After the Surgery: What to Expect

• You will wake up in a recovery room and be monitored for a few hours.
• Nasal packing or splints may be placed to support healing and control bleeding.
• Most patients can return home the same day.
• Nasal packing is removed the following day.
• Nasal splints are removed after 8 days or as advised by the doctor.

Post-Surgery Symptoms

• Nasal congestion due to swelling, which will gradually improve.
• Mild bleeding (a small amount of blood or discharge is normal).
• Pain or pressure around the nose and sinuses.
• Bruising or swelling around the nose and eyes (fades within a few days).
• Temporary reduction in sense of smell, which improves with healing.

Possible Risks of Surgery

While the procedure is generally safe, potential risks include:

• Bleeding (rare but possible).
• Infection (proper wound care minimizes risk).
• Scarring (minimal and typically internal).
• Temporary changes in smell or taste.

Post-Surgery: Care Instructions

• Rest & Recovery: Avoid strenuous activities and heavy lifting for at least 6 weeks.
• Head Position: Sleep with your head elevated to reduce swelling.
• Avoid Hot Showers: Use lukewarm water for the first few days, avoiding direct water contact with your face.
• Stay Indoors: Avoid hot, humid environments for the first few weeks.
• Sun Protection: Protect your nose from direct sunlight to prevent swelling.
• Medications: Take prescribed painkillers and antibiotics as directed.

Warning Signs – Seek Immediate Medical Attention If You Experience:

• Heavy bleeding
• High fever or signs of infection
• Difficulty breathing

Quick Recovery Tips

• Follow all post-operative instructions carefully.
• Use ice packs to minimize swelling and discomfort around the nose and eyes.
• Attend all follow-up appointments to ensure proper healing.
• Be patient—full recovery may take several weeks

Consult ENT Specialist